{"id":508,"date":"2008-12-24T22:47:46","date_gmt":"2008-12-25T03:47:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.kenperlin.com\/?p=508"},"modified":"2008-12-24T22:48:52","modified_gmt":"2008-12-25T03:48:52","slug":"not-infinite-but-really-big","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.kenperlin.com\/?p=508","title":{"rendered":"Not infinite, but really big"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>After all of this talk of infinity, I think it&#8217;s time to come back down to earth and talk about finite things.  The question came up recently about things that people make, and how big or small they can be.  I started wondering what is the biggest &#8211; or smallest &#8211; object ever created by people.<\/p>\n<p>One candidate for smallest object is the IBM logo that Don Eigler and Erhard Schweizer created in 1989 with the tungsten tip of a Scanning Tunneling Microscope.  They used the STM to position 35 xenon atoms, one by one, on a smooth nickel surface.  When they were done, the xenon atoms were arranged into the company&#8217;s famous logo:<\/p>\n<p><center><br \/>\n<img src='http:\/\/blog.kenperlin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/12\/ibm.jpg'><br \/>\n<\/center><\/p>\n<p>The whole thing was just six nanometers across &#8211; four million of them laid side by side would be only about an inch wide.<\/p>\n<p>My candidate for largest object ever created is an ingenious sculpture that David Barr built in 1985.  He placed four tiny tetrahedra (three sided pyramids) at equidistant points around the Earth &#8211; one each in Easter Island, South Africa, Irian Jaya (New Guinea), and Greenland &#8211; and there they stand to this day.  Collectively they form a perfect tetrahedron about the same size as the planet Earth itself.<\/p>\n<p>So far I think that&#8217;s as big as anyone has ever gotten.  Jaron Lanier has told me that he wants to start a project to arrange entire stars into artificial constellations, as a kind of shout-out to alien races across the Galaxy.  Needless to say this would be a very long-term project &#8211; some tens of thousands of years &#8211; and would require immense effort to succeed.<\/p>\n<p>What I like about David Barr&#8217;s achievement in 1985 is that he created his sculpture pretty much all by himself.  Just one person &#8211; a man with a dream (and a travel budget) &#8211; ingeniously converting our <i>entire planet<\/i> into a scaffold for his monumental sculpture.<\/p>\n<p>By my calculations, the difference in size (from end to end) between the Barr tetrahedron and the Eigler\/Schweizer IBM logo  is about 2,000,000,000,000,000 &#8211; or about two million billion.<\/p>\n<p>For some reason that makes me very happy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>After all of this talk of infinity, I think it&#8217;s time to come back down to earth and talk about finite things. The question came up recently about things that people make, and how big or small they can be. I started wondering what is the biggest &#8211; or smallest &#8211; object ever created by &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.kenperlin.com\/?p=508\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Not infinite, but really big&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.kenperlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/508"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.kenperlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.kenperlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kenperlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kenperlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=508"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kenperlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/508\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.kenperlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=508"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kenperlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=508"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kenperlin.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=508"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}